The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies may significantly boost the European economy, but a considerable part of this impact is at risk if SMEs fail to adopt the technology As described in the Report on foresight scenarios, AI could already have a modest positive incremental GDP impact of about 1.8% by 2025 compared to 2017 GDP. This impact could further accelerate to a cumulative incremental impact of about 13.5% by 2030 compared to 2017 GDP, as AI adoption spreads through the economy and early adopters begin to reap benefits. In fact, the positive impact of AI technologies could go far beyond GDP growth: by enabling cleaner, more efficient mobility or more effective healthcare solutions, AI could contribute to sustainable development and overall societal welfare. Given that SMEs are the backbone of the European economy, representing 67% of employment and 57% of value added (EC 2019a), they play a crucial role in capturing this impact potential. However, SMEs also face specific challenges in adopting AI, which are described in detail in the Report on market analysis of prioritised value chains, the most critical AI applications and the conditions for AI rollout. If these challenges are not addressed and a large share of SMEs is thus unable to adopt AI technologies, the economic impact of AI by 2030 could be up to 30% lower.