03414nam a22003977c 4500 6636 6636 00006636 ES-MaONT 20220805062555.0 210719s2021 sz d|||frt|||i00| | eng d 978-92-1-1130188 978-92-1-403046-1 (eISBN) 2519-8580 2524-2709 (eISSN) Sales No.: E.21.II.D.14 UNCTAD/DITC/COM/2021/1 ES-MaONT 1025 Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo‏ Commodities and Development Report 2021 : Escaping from the Commodity Dependence Trap through Technology and Innovation / United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Geneva : United Nations Publications, 2021 144 p. : gráf. ; 1 documento PDF texto (visual) isbdcontent electrónico isbdmedia recurso en línea rdacarrier Bibliografía: p. 114-116 The report shows that commodity dependence is associated with low levels of economy-wide labour productivity, low productivity growth, high volatility of productivity growth and a high frequency of negative productivity shocks. It identifies a large potential for productivity increase in CDDCs through both intrasectoral productivity growth as well as structural change. In this regard, the report argues that technological upgrading and innovation can play important roles in an increase in productivity and economic diversification. The report highlights that a higher technological level is associated with higher productivity and allows the production of more complex products. A key challenge for CDDCs is their position far from the technological frontier. Diversification into more dynamic sectors might require big "jumps" in innovation. In this context, digitalization, e-commerce and blockchain technologies have great potential to help CDDCs reduce transaction costs, increase productivity and promote structural transformation. The report identifies enablers of technological transformation that can help CDDCs achieve more diversified economies. These include horizontal enables such as infrastructure as well as vertical enablers such as measures to increase productivity in agriculture. The report argues that the set of policy interventions required to facilitate technological upgrading and innovation must take account of country-specific characteristics and contingencies, as well as external conditions. The report concludes with suggestions of key measures at the national, regional and international levels that could help CDDCs to escape the commodity dependence trap through structural transformation. In this regard, the report argues that strong political commitment at the national level, regional integration and technology transfer are needed to spur a technology-enabled structural transformation process. All rights reserved worldwide United Nations Economía digital 2223 productos básicos desarrollo tecnológico innovación tecnológica dependencia productividad 1307 Naciones Unidas‏ https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/ditccom2021d1_en.pdf 0 Acceso al documento pdf udc INF 0 0 0 3 1 7580 01 01 online 2021-07-19 0 1000020176829 2021-07-19 00:00:00 2021-07-19 INF pdf