This study attempts to identify and assess policy options for the EU to achieve cyber-resilience, and to develop capabilities, and industrial and technological resources for a trustworthy EU cyberspace, with a view also to promoting core values, such as online privacy protection. The findings could form the basis for an assessment of alternative measures to improve the resilience of the European ICT industry and the EU's strategic decision-making capacity, and enhance the resilience of critical information technology networks. The study further reviews the current state of reciprocity between search engine services and individual customers. The ultimate aim of this study is to develop concrete policy options to be considered by EU institutions and Member States – and potentially to be used as background by EP committees for their legislative and own-initiative reports.nt requirements across Member States.